Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 121-132 , April 2008

Leptin hormone and other biochemical influences on systemic inflammation

Received 9 August 2007 ,Revised 25 November 2007 ,Accepted 29 November 2007.

References 

  1. Ainslie D, Morris M, Wittert G. Estrogen deficiency causes central leptin insensitivity and increased hypothalamic neuropeptide Y. International Journal of Obesity. 2001;25(11):1680–1688
  2. Banks WA, Farrell CL. Impaired transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obesity is acquired and reversible. American Journal of Physiology—Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2003;285:E10–E15
  3. Banks WA, Coon AB, Robinson SM, et al. Triglycerides induce leptin resistance at the blood-brain barrier. Diabetes. 2004;53:1253–1260
  4. Beltowski J. Leptin and atherosclerosis. Artherosclerosis. 2005;189(1):47–60
  5. Belury, M., 2002. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid in health: physiological effects and mechanisms of action. Annual Review of Nutrition 22, 505–531
  6. Berg A, Scherer P. Adipose tissue, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation Research. 2005;96:939
  7. Bodosi B, Gardi J, Hajdu I, et al. Rhythms of ghrelin, leptin, and sleep in rats: effects of the normal diurnal cycle, restricted feeding, and sleep deprivation. American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2004;287:R1071–R1079
  8. Bogardus C, Ravussin E, Robbins D, et al. Effects of physical training and diet therapy on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with glucose intolerance and non-insulin dependent diabetes. Diabetes. 1984;38:484–490
  9. Budak E, Sánchez MF, Bellver J, et al. Interactions of the hormones leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin, and PYY3-36 with the reproductive system. Fertility and Sterility. 2006;85(6):1563–1581
  10. Chaitow, L., DeLany, J., 2008. Clinical Application of Neuromuscular Techniques, vol. 1, The Upper Body, second ed. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
  11. Claycombe K, Xue B, Mynatt R, et al. Regulation of leptin by agouti. Physiological Genomics. 2000;2:101–105
  12. Cutler D, Glaeser E, Shapiro J. Why have Americans become more obese?. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2003;17(3):93–118
  13. Duntas LH, Popovic V, Panotopoulos G. Adiponectin: novelties in metabolism and hormonal regulation. Nutritional Neuroscience. 2004;7(4):195–200
  14. Elliott, W.L., 2008. Criterion validity of a computer-based tutorial for teaching waist circumference self-measurement. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, in press.
  15. Fantuzzi G. Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2005;115(5):911–919
  16. Fehmann H, Berghöfer P, Brandhorst D, et al. Leptin inhibition of insulin secretion from isolated human islets. Acta Diabetologica. 1997;34(4):249–252
  17. Fekete C, Sarkar S, Rand W, et al. Agouti-related protein (AGRP) has a central inhibitory action on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis; comparisons between the effect of AGRP and neuropeptide Y on energy homeostasis and the HPT axis. Endocrinology. 2002;143(10):3846–3853
  18. Field A, Austin S, Gillman M, et al. Intake of snack foods does not predict weight gain among children and adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2004;34(2):130–131
  19. Friedman JM. The function of leptin in nutrition, weight, and physiology. Nutrition Reviews. 2002;60(10I):S1–S14
  20. Garg A, Grundy S, Unger R. Comparison of effects of high and low carbohydrate diets on plasma lipoproteins and insulin sensitivity in patients with mild NIDDM. Diabetes. 1992;41(10):1278–1285
  21. Geliebter A. Night-eating syndrome in obesity. Nutrition. 2001;17(6):483–484
  22. Gilardini L, McTernan P, Girola A, et al. Adiponectin is a candidate marker of metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents. Atheroslerosis. 2006;189(2):401–407
  23. Gonzalez R, Cherfils S, Escobar M, et al. Leptin signaling promotes the growth of mammary tumors and increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor type two (VEGF-R2). Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006;281(36):26320–26328
  24. Halle M, Persson P. Role of leptin and leptin receptor in inflammation. American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2003;284(3):R760–R762
  25. Havel PJ. Role of adipose tissue in body-weight regulation: mechanisms regulating leptin production and energy balance. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2000;59:359–371
  26. Havel PJ. Control of energy homeostasis and insulin action by adipocyte hormones: leptin, acylation stimulating protein, and adiponectin. Current Opinion in Lipidology. 2002;13(1):51–59
  27. Hill D, Barve S, Joshi-Barve S, et al. Increased monocyte nuclear factor-kappaB activation and tumor necrosis factor production in alcoholic hepatitis. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. 2000;135(5):387–395
  28. Howarth, N.C., Huang, T.T., Roberts, S.B., Lin, B.H., McCrory, M.A., 2006. Eating patterns and dietary composition in relation to BMI in younger and older adults. International Journal of Obesity. Last viewed online 29 January 2007, 〈http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/0803456a.html〉.
  29. Huypens P. Leptin controls adiponectin production via the hypothalamus. Medical Hypothesis. 2007;68(1):87–90
  30. Isso S, Mollica M, Lionetti L, et al. Acetyl-L-Carnitine supplementation differently influences nutrient partitioning, serum leptin concentration and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in young and old rats. Journal of Nutrition. 2002;132(4):636–642
  31. Janssen I, Heymsfield S, Allison D, et al. Body mass index and waist circumference independently contribute to the prediction of nonabdominal, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral fat. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002;75(4):683–688
  32. Juge-Aubry C, Henrichot E, Meier C. Adipose tissue: a regulator of inflammation. Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2005;19(4):547–566
  33. Kang J, Kim K, Choi S, et al. Carnosine and related dipeptides protect human ceruloplasm against peroxyl radical mediated modification. Molecular Cells. 2002;13(3):498–502
  34. Kershaw E, Flier J. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;89(6):2548–2556
  35. Kiefer F, Jahn H, Jaschinski M, et al. Leptin: a modulator of alcohol craving. Biological Psychiatry. 2001;49(9):782–787
  36. Kiefer F, Jahn H, Schick M, et al. Alcohol intake, tumour necrosis factor-α, leptin and craving: factors of a possibly vicious circle?. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2002;37(4):401–404
  37. Klein S, Allison D, Heymsfield S, et al. Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: a consensus statement from Shaping America's Health: association for Weight Management and Obesity Prevention; NAASO, The Obesity Society; the American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2007;85(5):1197–1202
  38. Kubota N, Yano W, Kubota T, et al. Adiponectin stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake. Cell Metabolism. 2007;6(1):55–68
  39. Kus I, Sarsilmaz M, Colakoglu N, et al. Pinealectomy increases and exogenous melatonin decreases leptin production in rat anterior pituitary cells: an immunohistochemical study. Physiological Research. 2004;53(4):403–408
  40. Leal-Cerro A, Soto A, Martinez M, et al. Influence of cortisol status on leptin secretion. Pituitary. 2001;4(1–2):111–116
  41. Lean M. Clinical Handbook of Weight Management. second ed. Independence, Kentucky: Taylor & Francis; 2003;
  42. Luukkaa V, Pesonen U, Huhtaniemi I. Inverse correlation between serum testosterone and leptin in men. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1998;83(9):3243–3246
  43. Manna S, Mukhopadhyay A, Van N, et al. Silymarin suppresses TNF-induced activation of NF-kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and apoptosis. Journal of Immunology. 1999;163(12):6800–6809
  44. McRae M. Treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia with pantethine: a review and analysis of efficacy and tolerability. Nutrition Research. 2005;25(4):319–333
  45. Menendez C, Lage M, Peino R. Retinoic acid and vitamin D(3) powerfully inhibit in vitro leptin secretion by human adipose tissue. Journal of Endocrinology. 2001;170(2):423–431
  46. Niijima A, Okui T, Matsumura Y, et al. Effects of L carnosine on renal sympathetic nerve activity in DOCA-salt hypertensive rates. Autonomic Neuroscience. 2002;97(2):99–102
  47. Nishiyama M, Makino S, Suemaru S, et al. Glucocorticoid effects on the diurinal rhythm of circulating leptin levels. Hormone Research. 2000;54(2):69–73
  48. Pittas A, Joseph N, Greenberg A. Adipocytokines and insulin resistance. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;89(2):447–452
  49. Pouliot M, Despres J, Lemieux S, et al. Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1994;73(7):460–468
  50. Rayner DV, Trayhurn P. Regulation of leptin production: sympathetic nervous system interactions. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2001;79(1):8–20
  51. Reilly M, Rader D. The metabolic syndrome: more than the sum of its parts?. Circulation. 2003;108(13):1546–1551
  52. Richards B, Richards M. Mastering Leptin. The Leptin Diet: Solving Obesity and Preventing Disease!. second ed. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Wellness Resources Books; 2005;
  53. Saad M, Damani S, Gingerich R, et al. Sexual dimorphism in plasma leptin concentration. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1997;82(2):579–584
  54. Seufert J. Leptin effects on pancreatic beta-cell gene expression and function. Diabetes. 2004;53(Suppl. 1):S152–S158
  55. Sewter C, Digby J, Blows F, et al. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha release from human adipose tissue in vitro. Journal of Endocrinology. 1999;163(1):33–38
  56. Shiiya T, Nakazato M, Mizuta M, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels in lean and obese humans and the effect of glucose on ghrelin secretion. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2002;87(1):240–244
  57. Simopoulos A. Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Journal of American College of Nutrition. 2002;21(6):495–505
  58. Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation energy balance. Cell. 2001;104:531–543
  59. Taheri S, Lin L, Austin D, et al. Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index. Public Library of Science Medicine. 2004;1(3):1;e62, viewed online November 13, 2006, 〈http://www.plosmedicine.org
  60. Tenenbaum D. Leptin's legacy. HHMI Bulletin. 2003;16(1):24–27
  61. Thomas T, Burguera B, Melton L, et al. Role of serum leptin, insulin, and estrogen levels as potential mediators of the relationship between fat mass and bone mineral density in men versus women. Bone. 2001;29(2):114–120
  62. Trayhurn P, Beattle JH. Physiological role of adipose tissues: white adipose tissue as an endocrine and secretory organ. Nutritional Society. 2001;60:329–339
  63. Trayhurn P, Hoggard N, Mercer JG, et al. Leptin: fundamental aspects. International Journal of Obesity. 1999;23:22–28
  64. US Department of Health and Human Services—Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2007. Overweight and Obesity. (Accessed on 15 July 2007, available at: 〈http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/trend/index.htm〉).
  65. Van Gaal LF, Wauters MA, Mertens IL, et al. Clinical endocrinology of human leptin. International Journal of Obesity Related Metabolism Disorder. 1999;23(Suppl. 1):29–36
  66. Watkins L, Maier S. Beyond neurons: evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states. Physiological Review. 2002;82(4):981–1001
  67. Wauters M, Considine RV, Van Gaal LF. Human leptin: from an adipocyte hormone to an endocrine mediator. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2000;143(3):293–311
  68. Weigle D, Breen P, Matthys C, et al. A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2005;82(1):41–48
  69. Wilding J. Leptin and the control of obesity. Current Opinions in Pharmacology. 2001;1(6):656–661
  70. Wurst, F., Junghanns, K., Lesch, O., et al., 2006. Leptin and ghrelin levels in alcohol withdrawal, abstinence and in a drinking experiment. in: ISBRA 2006 World Congress on Alcohol Research.
  71. Yamauchi M, Sugimoto T, Yamaguchi T, et al. Plasma leptin concentrations are associated with bone mineral density and the presence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Clinical Endocrinology. 2001;55(3):341–347
  72. Yudkin J, Kumari M, Humphries S, et al. Inflammation, obesity, stress and coronary heart disease: is interleukin-6 the link?. Atherosclerosis. 2000;148(2):209–214

PII: S1360-8592(07)00122-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2007.11.006

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 121-132 , April 2008